Method of manufacturing tank cars



2do the forge-welding method Without weakenmyinventi-on ;t and '(25frame, will heyiel'dable under substantially "a5 Figure 2 is aA verticalcross sectional view center sill ofthe u nderframe 14, the ends ofPatented Aug.4,1931L f y i `1,817,58

UNIT-En STATE-.s1 PATENT 'oi-Fics RAYMOND c. Branca, on Buon-xunta,lona, Assi-@Noni TQ'GENEML knrcan/1,-

CAN TANK can conronaron; or omesso; rumors, A. conn-camionor` WEST.vrRGINIA y METHOD-.or nannrsc'runane wenn cans Appneaaon nud. March a5,12,29. Semaine'. aiasaaf 'Myfinventionrel'a-tes more particularlyto likeflange or ltongue equipped memberthe provisionV of means for anchoringthe which, ,in'accerdance' with. myinven-tion, is tank to thecarunderframe especially the Welded to the shell othetank to; form thecase of high pressure tank cars.,V anchor element thereof.

'V5 lOne of the' objects of myvinvention is to VFigure 7 isfan enlargedbroken sectional. t5 provide against theV possibility of leakage of' viw` taken at the line 7 on Fig. l'andviewed the; contents of the tank atthat portion of yin the direction of, the arrow showing a de" theanchorage means therefor which is4 contailof the anchoring means. nectedwith the tank, and yto avoid? the use yFigure 8" isa view in sideelevation of the ib ci?f rivets for holding such anchoring' poranchoringelement of Fig. 6. Y 60 tion in place, the use'ofrivets being'especifFigure 9 is axv view' like Fig; 7- off another ally `oloj ectionalolewhere the contents of the construction ofa'nchoring means forthe tank..tanksare suchas to produce corrosion ci the y Figure 10 is a view inside elevation of:V the A* rivets, and requiring when used thepsealingplatesliike, anchoring element Whichis united 1'5k thereof againstContact; 'with the tank-con'- Withthe Shel-lof the tank to forni theanchortents, by plates covering the rivets' and sealed ageeflement shownin Fig.. 9', tothe tank shell. v l Figures. 11' and 12- are views likeliig.-t 'E Another object is to; provide for the rigid showing sti-l1other forms in whichfthe anand secure attachment o'rlanchorsto tanks bychorage maybe provided in aecordancewith 70 ing the; tank structure, f nFigure 13,y a view in side elevation of the Another obje-ct is' toprovide anchorage anchor element to beunitedlwith the tank to meanswhich-,while mai'ntainingv the tank prod-'nce the anchor constructionshown in` against .longitudinal movementon` the nnder-v Fie. 112'. A y

-eerring first to the anchor construction 75 vertical stresses,particularly for thev pur-v illustrated' in Figs. I to 7, inclusive, andto ose kof lessening strain ony the anchorage; the method of'constructing the tank with andotherohjects as will be manifest iromthe`such anchorage means, the particular type n following d'escri tion. l'ofcar shown intli'ese figures of the dravvingsl 3o Referring to teaccompanying drawings :j comprises an underframe structureofl the 50Figure lisa view in. side, elevation of a center silltype representedvat 14,@ tank 15 tank car embodying my improvedv arushoragev superposedthereon, and means represented 'means and constructed iny accordance.with generally at 16 for anchoring thetank submy improved method.stantiallyfmidway between its ends to the.

through they middle of the tank opFig. 1 thetank heingsupported inamva'nnerto pershowing the latter in the processwof construcmit ofthelongitudinal movementthereoi in f tion of the anchorage means therefor.contractingandl expanding. Figure 3 isa pla-n sectional view taken at Inmanufacturing the4 carin accordance 4o the line 3' on Fig. 2 and viewedinthe direcwith my invention I cause :the wall oii that: 5 tion of the.arrow. portion ofthe tank shell which. in the finished Figure 4 -is aview like Fig. '2 and ofthe tank constlfuctitm.'is the ,pmtiqm there@at: construction therein shownirepresentng ka which the anchorage .meansarei located (in still lfurther step in the process ofA formingtherparticular construction shown is thecoue 45 the anchorage` means. vn 1 trani portionof the tankshownytocontainan Figure 5, is a'vieW likeFig, 4 and of the. o. erung. hcchin the particular construction,construction therein shown showin the. ans own is locatedrat, thebottomof the Shell chorage. means on the tank Emis' ed.conextendslengthwle of thetankstr' @ture dition l ,n 1 s, re ,seemed at1T. this opening preferw Figure-6 is a. perspective view of the plateenne 'sing of substantially reetangu er form.

The anchor-forming element for the tank of Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive, isillustrated in Figs. 6 and 8, this member comprising a plate-likeportion 18 of a width and length slightly greater than the width andlength of the opening 17 in the tank and preferably of slightly greaterthickness than the wall of the tank, the portion 18 being preferably ofcurved shape in cross section with its marginal edges deiiected slightlyupwardly as represented at 18a, the plate portion 18 having integrallyformed therewith a iin or iange 19 extending lengthwiseV thereof andsubstantially midway between the sides of the plate portion 18 and shortof the ends of the latter, as shown.

In the process of producing the tank anchor` the anchor element referredto is positifned in the opening 17 to oppose at the margin-al edges ofthe plate portion 18 the inner surfaces of the marginal edge portions ofthe opening 17 with an overlap equal, preferably, to substantially the.thickness of the tank shell, substantially as shown, with its tin 19projecting outwardly-through the opening 17 as shownin Fig. 4 in whichposition it is preferably electrically tack-welded in place to hold ittemporarily.

1 `The relatively overlapping portions of the anchor element of Figs. 6and 8 and the tank are then united by forge-welding lthem together as bya rolling or hammering action, following the heating to the desireddegree of these overlapping portions, the resultant structure being thatillustrated in Figs. 5 and 7. The anchor element referred to thus closesthe opening 17 in the shell and becomes firmly united to the metal ofthe shell for resisting the stresses imposed thereon in service.

As is Well known in the metal-working art it is necessary, as apreliminary to the forge weldingoperation usually performed by therolling or hammering of the parts to be united, that the opposingsurfaces of the lapped parts to be united be heated to a temperatu reclosely approaching that of the meltingv temperature of the material ofwhich these parts are formed, such heating of the parts being renderedpossible by reason of the lapping of theseparts at an opening in thetank shell and the accessibility ofA these parts to the application ofheat. thereto both internally and externally of the tank, the deiectingof the plate portion 18 at 18a being desirable as it enhancesaccessibility of the heat to the joint between the opposing edges f thetank shell and plate-portion 18. l

The depending fin or fiange 19 serves as aV means by which the tank maybe anchored in place on the underframe. In the" particular constructionnow being described the iin 19 is shown as secured, as by rivets 20, tothe vertically flanged portions 21 of plates 22 between which the fin 19extends, the pla-tes 22 being riveted along their outer edges to thecenter sill 23 of the underframe 14.

The construction shown. in Fig. 9 involves the forming of the tank shell15 with an anchor element in accordance with the procedureabovedescribed, the anchor member oi. this construction to be unitedwith the shell being shown in Fig. 10 and being of the same constructionas the anchor shown in Fig. 8, except that its plate portion isdepressed slightly between its ends to produce a sumpforming recess 24,the metal of the depending 1in portion of the anchor element where it0pposes the recess'211 being cut away as represented at 25.

In this particular construction the elements which cooperate with thesectional fin-portion 19 comprises plates 26 connected at their outerhorizontal portions 27 with the center sill structure 23 as by therivets 28, tlieirinner ends being bent to provide upwardly extendingsubstantially vertical portions 29 between which the :tin-sections 19are embraced and to which they are held as by rivets represented at 30,the portions 27 and 29 of the plates 26 being connected together bydownwardly bowed portions of these plates as shown.

The plates 26 are preferably of substantially the same length as theanchor element shown in Fig. 10 and when secured to this anchor elementand the center sill structure as shown serve to efectually resistlengthwise movement of the tank as in the case of the construction shownin Fig. 1, but inaddition, by reason of the slight flexibility of thebowed portions 31 of the plates 26, furnish a yielding support .for thetank permitting of slight vertical relative movement of" the tank andunderframe and of particular importance in lessening stresses upwardlyagainst the tank anchor under impacts to which the underframe issubjected in use.4

AThe construction now being described also preferably comprises meansresisting deflection of the anchoring` means in a direction crosswise ofthe tank, these means comprising plates 32 held in place at their outeredges by the rivets 28 and extending inwardly to a. position in whichtheir inneredges oppose the vertical portions 29 of the plates 26thereby forming abutments for resisting lateral deflection of theanchoring means.

The construction shown in Fig. 11 and the method of producing the sameis the same as `in the case of the construction shown in Figs. Y 1 to 7,inclusiv-e, except that instead of providing t-he anchoring element ofthe form shown in Figs. 6 and 8 an anchoring element of the form shownin Fig. 10 is employed.

Referring to the construction shown Ain Figs. 12 and 13 the anchoringelement of the tank instead of providing a fin for attach ment to theunderframe by means of other elements such as the plates 22 or 26 of theconstructions of the preceding figures, is

IBO

formed integrally with a bottom plate portion at Which it is attached tothe center sill. The anchor element of this construction tobe unitedwith the tank shell as described in the construction shown in Figs. 6and 8, is represented at 33, its upper plate-like portion, curved incross section and corresponding With the plate portion 18V of the anchorelement of the preceding figures, being represented at 34 and its fin at35, this fin being integral with a lower plate portion 36 and disposedbetween the longitudinal edges of the plate portion 36 as shown. f

Vhile I have illustrated and described my invention in connection Withconstructions 1n Y which the anchor-forming elements of the tanks areapplied at their plate portions to the interior of the tank shells tooppose the inner surfaces of the marginal edges ofthe tank openings andforce Welded in such position, it will be understood that if desired theanchor-forming elements may be applied at their plate portions to theapertured portions of the tank shells to oppose the outer surfaces ofthe marginal edges of the tank openings and Where the plate portions areformed With deflections such as those indicated at 18a, these samedeflections may be provided, or if desired, the deflections may extendin the opposite direction.

Furthermore, Vother changes and alterations may be made in theconstruction shown and the invention embodied in other forms ofstructure and my improved method practiced in the production of otherforms of structures, Without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Letters Patent, is:

l. The method of manufacturing anchorequipped tanks Which consists informing an opening in the Wall of the tank shell, positioning at saidopening a member Which is to form the anchor With portions thereof inlapped relation to the surrounding Wall of said opening` andforge-Welding together said lapping' portions of said shell and member.

2. The method of manufacturing anchorequipped tanks Which consists informing an opening in the Wall of the tank shell, positioning atvsaidopening a member which is to form the anchor With portions thereof inlapped relation to, but throughout the greater portion of their area outof contact With,

lVhat- I claim as new, and desire to secure opening in the Wall ofthetank shell, positioning an anchor and closure-forming member at saidopening, and Welding together the adjacent surfaces of said memberl andsaid shell at said opening.

.- RAYMOND C PIERCE.

the surrounding Wall yof said opening andv i forge-Welding together saidlapping portions of said shell and member.

3. The method of manufacturing anchorequipped tanks which consists informing an opening in the Wall of the tank shell positioning in saidopening a member Which is to form t-he anchor With portions thereof inlapped relation to the inner surfaces of the surrounding Wall ofsaidopening and forge

